Redline Doctor's
Ancylaris

first update d. 3 october 2024

  last update d. 3 october 2024

_____________________

hovedvejen imellem La Paz og Amazonas ved Rio Coroico d. 28 januar 2007 hvor gribbe bare venter på en trafikulykke,

The world's most dangerous highway between La Paz and the Amazon on the Rio Coroico,
where vultures waiting for a traffic accident. Yungas, Bolivia d. 28 january 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen

_____________________

Peter Møllmann filmer sommerfugle. Yolosa, elev. 1200 m. Yungas, Bolivia 18th January 2012. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Peter Møllmann filmming butterflies. Yolosa, elev. 1200 m. Yungas, Bolivia 18th January 2012. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Lars Andersen working on the Jatata inn hotel, Caranavi, Yungas. d. 18 january 2010. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Lars Andersen working on the Jatata inn hotel, Caranavi, Yungas, Bolivia d. 18 january 2010. Photographer: Lars Andersen

_____________________

Redline Doctor's
Ancylaris, Riodinidae

Family MetalvingerRiodinidae Grote, 1895 (146 genera, 1532 species)
Som på engelsk hedder; 
Metalmarks som henviser til de små, metalagtige pletter,
der ofte findes på deres vinger. En familien der tidligere var en underfamilie i 
BlåsommerfugleLycaenidae familien.
Selvom familen for det meste er ´repræsenteret i neotropisk , findes familien også i Palearctic
med kun en art i Europa; 
TerningsommerfuglHamearis lucina.

_________________

Familien inkluderer små til mellemstore arter, fra 12 til 60 mm i vingefang,
ofte med strukturelle farver. Vingeformen er meget forskellige inden for familien.
De kan ligne sommerfugle i andre grupper, nogle ligner underfamilien 
RandøjerSatyrinae, andre er lysegule, der minder om underfamilien GulvingerColiadinae, og andre eksempler som sværdhalerRhetus arciusHelicopisChorinea har haler som SvalehalerPapilionidae.

Farven spænder fra dæmpede farver i de tempererede zoner til iriserende blå og grønne vinger og gennemsigtige vinger i tropiske arter.
På vingerne har mange arter især i Amerika flere gyldne eller sølvfarvede metalliske pletter, der gav dem det engelske fællesnavn "
Metalmarks".
Et antal arter efterligner giftige møl fra flere familier, og der er ofte omfattende efterligninger af lignende arter, grupperet omkring en model. Efterligning får ofte nært beslægtede arter til at have helt forskellige vingemønstre, for eksempel i slægten 
Thisbe.
Mange arter efterligner pletten og stribemønsteret hos giftige
Nymphalidae underfamiler. 
Batesian-mimicry/efterligninger ser ud til at være mere almindelig end i nogen anden insektfamilier af lignende størrelse.
Et andet eksempel er 
Ithomeis, hvor forskellige underarter ligner de arter, de efterligner i forskellige dele af det geografiske område mere, end de ligner hinanden.

Arter forekommer på en række forskellige habitater, men har et unikt udbredelse i de tropiske regnskove i Sydamerika især på Andesbjergenes østlige bjergskråninger op til 2300 meters højde.
Mange arter findes sjældent og har et relativt lille udbredelsesområder.
Arter i slægten 
Charis er blevet brugt til at rekonstruere historien om skoven i Amazonasbassinet: hver af de 19 arter har et stedfortrædende udbredelsesområde, tre oprindeligt separate skove (øvre, nedre Amazonas, Guyana) kan afledes af forholdet mellem arter.

Larvernes værtsplanter udgør mere end 40 forskellige plantefamilier. For det meste anvendes unge blade eller blomster, og sjældent spises døde blade eller lav. Larverne spiser for det meste individuelt ikke i kuld. Imidlertid findes der kødformede larver inden for Euselasiinae (Euselasia), Riodinini (Melanis, Rhetus & Ancylaris), samt  Emesini (Emesis), hvor nogle arter viser processionsadfærd. Tilgængelige beviser fra Euselasia og Hades antyder, at larvekuld adfærd kan være udbredt blandt medlemmer af underfamilien Euselasiinae.

_________________

Redline Doctor's
Order:
Lepidoptera
Family:
Riodinidae
Tribe:
Riodinini
Genus: Ancyluris Hübner, [1819]. Genus 26 species.

Synonyms:
Melibaea Saunders, 1859 (preocc. Forbes, 1838)
Ancyluris is a butterfly genus in the family Riodinidae. They are resident in the Neotropics.

_________________

Ancyluris Hübner, 1819. Genus 26 species.

Ancyluris meliboeus (Fabricius, 1777) iN
Ssp.: meliboeus meliboeus (Fabricius, 1777) TL: Surinam M T S
Ssp.: eudaemon Stichel, 1910 TL: Peru; Colombia; Bolivia M T S
Ssp.: julia (Saunders, 1850) TL: Brazil (Pa) M T S

Ancyluris miniola (H. Bates, 1868). iN M T S
Ancyluris rubrofilum (Stichel, 1909). iN M T

Ancyluris etias (Saunders, 1859) iN
Ssp.: etias (Saunders, 1859) TL: Peru M T S
Ssp.: gracilis Stichel, 1910 TL: Surinam M T HS V
Ssp.: mendita (H. Druce, 1904) TL: Bolivia M T

Ancyluris melior (Stichel, 1910) TL: Brazil (Am); Peru M T S
Ancyluris pomposa (Stichel, 1910) TL: Brazil (Am) M T
Ancyluris paramba (D'Abrera, 1994) iN M T S
Ancyluris paetula (Stichel, 1916) TL: Peru M T

Ancyluris tedea (Cramer, 1777) iN
Ssp.: tedea (Cramer, 1777) TL: Surinam M S
Ssp.: silvicultrix (Stichel, 1909) TL: Peru; Bolivia M T S

Ancyluris aulestes (Cramer, 1777) iN
Ssp.: aulestes (Cramer, 1777) TL: Surinam M T S
Ssp.: eryxo (Saunders, 1859) TL: Peru M T S
Ssp.: jocularis (Stichel, 1909) TL: Colombia M T S
Ssp.: callaghani (Lamas, Constantino & Salazar, 2013) E. foothills of the Cordillera Oriental, Colombia, 400-800 m M T
Ssp.: pandama (Saunders, 1850) TL: Brazil (Ba) M T

Ancyluris colubra (Saunders, 1859) iN M T S

Ancyluris mira (Hewitson, 1874) iN
Ssp.: mira (Hewitson, 1874) TL: Bolivia M T
Ssp.: toussaintensis (Brévignon, 2019) TL: French Guiana
Ssp.: furia (Stichel, 1925) TL: Ecuador; Colombia M T
Ssp.: thaumasia (Stichel, 1910) TL: Bolivia M T S

Ancyluris jurgensenii (Saunders, 1850) Costa-spotted Metalmark iN
Ssp.: jurgensenii (Saunders, 1850) S Mexico to Panama M T S1 S2 L I
Ssp.: atahualpa (Saunders, 1859) TL: Colombia M T S

Ancyluris aristodorus (Morisse, 1838) iN M T

Ancyluris formosissima (Hewitson, 1870) iN
Ssp.: formosissima (Hewitson, 1870) TL: Ecuador M T S
Ssp.: venerabilis (Stichel, 1916) TL: Peru M T

Ancyluris inca (Saunders, 1850) Inca Metalmark iN
Ssp.: inca (Saunders, 1850) S Mexico to Panama M T S1 S2 L I1 I2
Ssp.: cacica (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1865) TL: Colombia M T
Ssp.: formosa (Hewitson, 1870) TL: Ecuador M T
Ssp.: caucaensis (C. Rodríguez, G. Rodríguez & Constantino, 2013) rio Cauca in Colombia M T
Ssp.: huascar (Saunders, 1859) TL: Colombia M T S
Ssp.: miranda (Hewitson, 1874) TL: Bolivia M T S
Ssp.: pulchra (Hewitson, 1870) TL: Ecuador M T

Ancyluris lais (Boisduval, 1870) TL: Colombia M T

_________________

Reference:

GBIF: Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
Ancyluris Hübner, 1819

GBIF: Global Biodiversity Information Facility.
World distribution:
Aulestes Doctor, Ancyluris aulestes (Cramer, 1777).

Ancyluris From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

_____________________

Meliboeus Swordtail, Ancyluris meliboeus. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenMeliboeus Swordtail, Ancyluris meliboeus. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenMeliboeus Swordtail, Ancyluris meliboeus. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenCaranavi, Yungas. d. 3 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenMeliboeus Swordtail, Ancyluris meliboeus. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Redline Doctor, Ancyluris meliboeus eudamon (Stichel, 1910). Photographer; Lars Andersen

Ancyluris eudaemon. Vagantes, Yungas, Bolivia. d. 25 januar 2006. Fotograf: Lars AndersenEn metalvinge fra Challa, Yungas, i Januar 2005. Fotograf: Lars AndersenChalla,  between Caranavi and Coroico, Yungas. d. 25 February 2008. Photographer: Lars Andersen

 Ancyluris rubrofilum (Stichel, 1909)? Photographer; Lars Andersen

Taipiplaya, Caranavi, elev. 800 m. d.  22 January 2012. Photographer: Lars AndersenMeliboeus Swordtail, Ancyluris meliboeus. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 21 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenCaranavi, elev. 1000 m. d.  23 January 2012. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Ancyluris tedea silvicultrix (Stichel, 1909)? Photographer; Lars Andersen

Caranavi, elev. 1000 m. d.  27 January 2012. Photographer: Lars AndersenCaranavi, elev. 1000 m. d.  21 January 2012. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Ancyluris etias mendita (H. Druce, 1904) Photographer; Lars Andersen

Challa,  between Caranavi and Coroico, Yungas. d. 25 February 2008. Photographer: Lars AndersenChalla,  between Caranavi and Coroico, Yungas. d. 25 February 2008. Photographer: Lars AndersenChalla,  between Caranavi and Coroico, Yungas. d. 25 February 2008. Photographer: Lars AndersenSuapi. 1800 m.a. date 27 January 2007. Photographer: Lars AndersenMeliboeus Swordtail, Ancyluris meliboeus. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 21 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenCaranavi, Yungas. d. 3 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenCaranavi, Yungas. d. 12 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenCaranavi, Yungas. d. 3 February 2009. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Ancyluris etias mendita (H. Druce, 1904) Photographer; Lars Andersen

Ancyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenAncyluris mira. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 20 February 2009. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Mira's Doctor, Ancyluris mira mira (Hetwitson, 1874) Photographer; Lars Andersen

Inca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenInca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenInca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenInca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenInca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda & Neurodes Metalmark, Siseme neurodes. Suapi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 28 January 2009. Photographer: Lars AndersenInca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda. Caranavi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 16 January 2010. Photographer: Lars AndersenInca Swordtail, Ancyluris inca miranda. Caranavi, Yungas, Bolivia. D. 16 January 2010. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Inca Doctor, Ancyluris inca miranda (Hetwitson, 1874) Photographer; Lars Andersen

Italian Flag Metalmark, Ancyluris formosissima ssp. venerabilis (Stichel, 1916). Caranavi highlands 1340m., Yungas, Bolivia february 25, 2022. Photographer; Peter Møllmann

Italian Flag Metalmark, Ancyluris formosissima ssp. venerabilis (Stichel, 1916).
Caranavi highlands 1340m., Yungas,
Bolivia february 25, 2022. Photographer; Peter Møllmann.
Today I finally found this wonderful species again, same spot as last time,
4 years ago, in the highlands near Caranavi Bolivia.

Caranavi highlands, Yungas, Bolivia february 19, 2018. Photographer; Peter MøllmannCaranavi highlands, Yungas, Bolivia february 19, 2018. Photographer; Peter MøllmannCaranavi highlands, Yungas, Bolivia february 19, 2018. Photographer; Peter Møllmann

Italian Flag Metalmark, Ancyluris formosissima ssp. venerabilis (Stichel, 1916).
Caranavi highlands, Yungas, Bolivia february 19, 2018. Photographer; Peter Møllmann

In South America, this butterfly is called a "living treasure" (the Latin name formosissima of this species, means “very beautiful”) and it is also called the Italian Flag Metalmark, Italian Flag Butterfly or Metallic Italian Flag Butterfly.

Ancyluris formosissima ssp: formosissima (Hewitson, 1870);
are present in tropical rainforests on eastside of Andean mountain, mainly in Sangay National Park in Ecuador.

Ancyluris formosissima ssp. venerabilis (Stichel, 1916);
can be found at an elevation from 1600- up to 3,000 metres above sea level in Manu Nationalpark, Peru to Caranavi highlands and Rio Zongo, Yungas, Bolivia.

Description: The upper sides of the forewings are dark brown with a blue-green band, while the base is white and brown. The hind wings are white, pink and brown, with a brilliant blue-green marginal band and a small red area. At the edge of the hind wings there is a short tail.

The wingspan: is about 38–45 mm.

Behaviors; The males, and less commonly the females, can be found imbibing moisture from bare soil or sandy riverbanks. They are nearly always encountered singly. Both sexes tend to avoid the heat of midday, preferring the cooler conditions of early morning or late afternoon. Even then they are more likely to be found in shady areas than in full sunshine.

It flies in August to September and February.

The larval food plants are maybe trees in the family Melastomataceae and Euphorbiaceae.

_____________________

The world's most dangerous road

hovedvejen imellem La Paz og Amazonas ved Rio Coroico d. 28 januar 2007 hvor gribbe bare venter på en trafikulykke,

The world's most dangerous highway between La Paz and the Amazon on the Rio Coroico where it has started to rain,
Yungas, Bolivia d. 28 januar 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen

hovedvejen imellem La Paz og Amazonas ved Rio Coroico d. 28 januar 2007 hvor gribbe bare venter på en trafikulykke,

Verdens farligste hovedvej imellem La Paz og Amazonas ved Rio Coroico hvor det er begyndt at regne,
Yungas, Bolivia d. 28 januar 2007. Fotograf; Lars Andersen

_____________________

Athena Euselasia  (Euselasia athena). Coroico 1800 m.a., Yungas. d. 24 january 2008. Photographer: Lars Andersen

Euselasiinae & Riodininae

sitio 55

_____________________

Mariposas de Bolivia 

Enero 2009

por Peter Møllmann y Lars Andersen

_____________________