Theclinae - Eumaeini

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

April 4, 2019. Tom Nygaard Kristensen; this is probably Rhamma nigrasarotina (look in D'Abrera with wrong spelling nigrosarotina).

June 6, 2014; I found a very nice picture of a Penaincisalia butterfly in your web page. Actually, this is a new species to science in a small species-group Im reviewing taxonomically and it was the subject of my PhD thesis. I supose you didnt collect this specimen but any other information about exact locality it will be very nice for me. Carlos Prieto

6th June 2014; I found a very nice picture of a Penaincisalia butterfly in your web page. Actually, this is a new species to science in a small species-group Im reviewing taxonomically and it was the subject of my PhD thesis. I supose you didnt collect this specimen but any other information about exact locality it will be very nice for me. Carlos Prieto

ID by Jorge Bizarro d. 28 march 2011

ID by Jorge Bizarro d. 28 march 2011

Mimas Groundstreak, Calycopis mimas (Godman & Salvin, 1887) or
Atnius Groundstreak, Calycopis atnius (Herrich-Schäffer, 1853) group.
Caranavi Highlands 1600m., Yungas, Bolivia december 1, 2021. Photographer;  Peter Møllmann

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

This one is probably an undescribed species related to Nicolaea demilineata from Paraguay. Atronox on Neotropical Butterfly Forum d. 11 october 2013.

January 16, 2016: Is a Cleon Ministreak, Ministrymon cleon

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

ID by Jorge Bizarro d. 28 march 2011

http://www.butterfliesofamerica.com/panthiades_phaleros_live1.htm

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

ID from Jorge Bizarro d. 27 march 2011

Hiro Takenouchi; I got a conclusive ID from Dr Zsolt Bálint after whom the butterfly is named -
Balintus tityrus! But this is definitely a new record for Bolivia!

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ID from Lars Andersen d. 7 february 2014 found on: Bolivians Butterfly from November 2013 by Kim Garwood

206

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A remarkable record of the genus Pseudolucia from Bolivia
(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). June 2018
J. F. GUERRA SERRUDO , G. SIEBEL , R. VILA , D. BENYAMINI & ZS. BÁLINT

February 28, 2020

Pseudolucia toroto (Guerra & Siebel, 2016). Torotoro Dinosaurs National Park, Potosí, Bolivia d. 2 may 2016. Photographer; Gottfried Siebel

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A unknown Lycaenidae/Penaincisalia species to science?

6th June 2014

Andean Lycaenid Butterflies by Carlos Prieto

MARIPOSAS DE BOLIVIA 2014 Magnifico portal del de los naturalistas y fotógrafos; Ole Andersen & Peter Møllmann de Dinamarca, con muchas colecciones de fotos de mariposas.

LISTA PRELIMINAR DE LOS LYCAENIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA)  EN BOLIVIA


PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST FOR LYCAENIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA)
IN BOLIVIA


Author; Yuvinka Gareca, Steffen Reichle & Robert Robbins

1 Museo Alcide D´Orbgnyi, Cochabamba, Bolivia. yuvinkagar@yahoo.com
2 The Nature Conservancy, Edificio Multicentro Torre B, ofc 401 - La Paz, Bolivia
3 Smithsonian Institution , PO Box 37012, NHB Stop 127 (E-514), Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA

Palabras clave: Lycaenidae, Bolivia, nuevas citas, Theclinae, Eumaeini
Keywords: Lycaenidae, Bolivia, new records, Theclinae, Eumaeini

La familia Lycaenidae en Sudamérica esta compuesta por las subfamilias Theclinae y
Polyommatinae. Las dos subfamilias se diferencian en Sudamérica por tener 10 (Theclinae)
versus 11 (Polyommatinae) venas en las alas anteriores. De las Theclinae solamente esta
presente el tribu Eumaeini en el continente, el cual a la vez esta mucha mas diverso que la
subfamilia Polyommatinae.

Robbins (2004a) destaca que 80 de los 83 géneros conocidos de la tribu Eumaeini se
distribuyen en el Neotropico, con los restantes conocidos en el Holartico. En el 2004 se
conocieron 1.130 especies de la tribu, de los cuales un 80% (aproximadamente 910 especies)
viven en Sudamérica, este numero incluyó 238 especies que no fueron descritas hasta entonces
(Robbins 2004a,b).

En Bolivia el conocimiento de la Familia Lycaenidae es pobre. Actualmente se tienen
registradas solamente 56 especies (Gareca et. al., 2006), 45 de ellas corresponden a la tribu
Eumaeini y los restantes 11 a la subfamilia Polyommatinae. De los taxa citados en Gareca et
al. (2006) una amplia mayoría son taxa descritas desde el país (Robbins 2004b).

Estas 56 especies de Lycaenidae solamente equivalen a un 3% con respecto a las 1.702
especies registradas para Bolivia (Gareca et al. 2006), no obstante nosotros estimamos que
existen más que 300 especies de solamente Eumaeini para el país.

Los Eumaeini vuelan rápidos y solitarios y son difíciles para diferenciar, resultando bajo el
número de colectas en los museos. Existen especies que a pesar de su amplia distribución han
sido colectadas muy pocas veces. Desde 25 años el ultimo autor esta aumentando la cantidad
de Eumaeini en el Museo de Historia Natural Smithsonian, resultando en la colección de
Eumaeini mas grande de la parte neotropical, la base para el presente trabajo.

El presente trabajo aumenta la lista de Lycaenidae de Bolivia desde 56 a 153 especies. Todas
las nuevas citas se refieren a especies dentro del tribu Eumaeini. Los autores estiman más de
330 especies de Lycaenidae para Bolivia, con la gran mayoría de citas adicionales por esperar
en el tribu Eumaeini.

Nymphalidae 41.4%
Riodinidae 13.6%
Lycaenidae 8.9%
Pieridae 7.5%
Papilionidae 2.9%
Hesperiidae 31.4%

La Dirección General de Biodiversidad (DGB) otorgó los
permisos de colecta para el proyecto de “Mariposas diurnas de Bolivia” de la segunda autora del
presente trabajo.

También agradecemos a Stefan Abramcyzk, quien amablemente nos dejo usar sus
colectas de Theclinae, parte de su tesis doctoral sobre polinización en diferentes sitios en Bolivia.

LITERATURE CITED

FORNO, E. 1998. Distribution and Ecology of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of the Valley
La Paz, Departamento La Paz, Bolivia. Universidad Mayor de San Andres. La Paz - Bolivia.
118 pp.

GAREC, Y. & S. Reichl. 2007. Guide to Butterflies of the Departmental Valley Reserve
of Tucavaca. FCBC (Foundation for the Preservation of the semideciduous forest Chiquitano).
Bolivia 143 pp.

GAREC, Y., FORNO, E., PYRCZ, T., WILLMOTT, K. & S. Reichl. 2006. Preliminary List
butterflies of Bolivia. Pp 5-65. In Y. GAREC & S. Reichl (eds.). Butterflies
Bolivia daytime. PROMETA. Santa Cruz - Bolivia. 108 pp.
 

LISTA PRELIMINAR DE LOS LYCAENIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA)  EN BOLIVIA


PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST FOR LYCAENIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA: RHOPALOCERA)
IN BOLIVIA


Author; Yuvinka Gareca, Steffen Reichle & Robert Robbins

1 Museo Alcide D´Orbgnyi, Cochabamba, Bolivia. yuvinkagar@yahoo.com
2 The Nature Conservancy, Edificio Multicentro Torre B, ofc 401 - La Paz, Bolivia
3 Smithsonian Institution , PO Box 37012, NHB Stop 127 (E-514), Washington, DC 20013-7012 USA

Keywords: Lycaenidae, Bolivia, new records, Theclinae, Eumaeini

The Lycaenidae family in South America is composed of the subfamilies of Theclinae and Polyommatinae. The two subfamilies differ in South America have 10 (Theclinae) versus 11 (Polyommatinae) veins in the forewings. Of this only Theclinae Eumaeini tribe present in the continent, which in turn is much more diverse than the Polyommatinae subfamily. 

Robbins (2004a) notes that 80 of the 83 known genera of the tribe is Eumaeini distributed in the Neotropics, with the other known in the Holarctic. In 2004, 1130 known species of the tribe, of which 80% (approximately 910 species) live in South America, this number included 238 species that were not previously described (Robbins 2004a, b).

In Bolivia, the knowledge of the Lycaenidae family is poor. There are now
recorded only 56 species (Gareca et. al., 2006), 45 of them belong to the tribe
Eumaeini and the remaining 11 to the subfamily Polyommatinae. Of the taxa cited in Gareca et
al. (2006) a vast majority are from the country described taxa (Robbins 2004b).

These 56 species of Lycaenidae only equivalent to 3% compared to 1702
species recorded for Bolivia (Gareca et al. 2006), however we estimate that
There are over 300 species of Eumaeini only for the country.
The Eumaeini fly rapidly and lonely and difficult to differentiate, resulting in the
number of collections in museums. There are species that, despite its wide distribution have
rarely been collected. Since 25 years the last author is increasing the amount
of Eumaeini in the Smithsonian Natural History Museum, resulting in the collection of
Eumaeini largest neotropical part, the basis for this work.

This study increases the list of Lycaenidae in Bolivia from 56 to 153 species. All
new appointments concern Eumaeini species within the tribe. They estimate more than
330 species of Lycaenidae in Bolivia, with the vast majority of additional appointments expected
Eumaeini in the tribe.

METHODS

The major work was done in a two-week visit to the Museum of Natural History
Smithsonian (USNM), where specimens were recorded from the tribe Eumaeini
Bolivia. All taxa were determined by the third author of this paper.

We also increased collections are deposited at the Natural History Museum Alcides
D'orbignyi in Cochabamba (MHNC).

The source of each record of species is given in the results table, where we use the
original sources, that is, if a species was cited for Gareca et al. (2006), we
giving the original source and not only the publication of Gareca et al. (2006). The appointment of
MHNNKM source (Museum of Natural History Noel Kempff Mercado) comes during the project materialcolectado Key Biodiversity Areas (CBA).
 

RESULTS

In the present work Eumaeini increases from 45 to 141 species in Bolivia (see
Appendix). In the current list were not taken into account the four undescribed species, which
were removed from the list of Gareca et al. (2006), so 100 new appointments were increased
Bolivia.

With this increase also extends the family Lycaenidae total of 56 to total 153 species of butterflies known from Bolivia to 1799.

DISCUSSION

Although increased awareness of Eumaeini with this publication is
considerable, we think that Bolivia should be at least 300 species of this
tribe. How many species are also difficult to collect and few people are interested in, collectively missing many records yet. Despite the wide distribution of some
species, let us assume this number to Bolivia.

The case of Polyommatinae seems to be even more complex. There are extensive reviews of
gender of the group and its taxonomy is complex. However the group is not diverse
as Eumaeini and additions in its entirety to the Lepidoptera fauna of Bolivia will be
lower in all cases. We think that at least must occur between 30 and 50 species of
this group in Bolivia.

The results present in the family Lycaenidae, which previously represented only
3% of species in Bolivia, reaching 8.9% in relation to the other families
butterflies in our country (see Figure 1.). So at this time the family
Lycaenidae exceeds the diversity of the Pieridae family and becomes the fourth family more
variety of butterflies in Bolivia.

Nymphalidae 41.4%
Riodinidae 13.6%
Lycaenidae 8.9%
Pieridae 7.5%
Papilionidae 2.9%
Hesperiidae 31.4%

CONCLUSIONS

We are still far to document all species of Lycaenidae in Bolivia. However
we hope that this list incentive to work with this interesting group of butterflies.
Not only lack documented more species for Bolivia, but also initiate studies
ecological species of this diverse family.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

To fund field trips and visits to international museums Proyecto Áreas want to thank the Key Biodiversity (ACB), funded by Darwin Initiative and the Diversity Project Tropical Andean Butterfly (TABDP).
The General Directorate for Biodiversity (DGB) has awarded the collection permits for the project of "Butterflies of Bolivia" in the second author this paper.

We also thank Stefan Abramcyzk, who kindly let us use their Theclinae collections, part of his doctoral thesis on pollination at different sites in Bolivia.

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(Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Tropical Lepidoptera, 4(2):107-118.

LAMAS, G. 2003. Las mariposas de Machu Picchu. PROFONANPE. Lima, Perú. 221 pp.

LAMAS, G. 2004 Lycaenidae. Polyommatinae, pp. 138-140. In: Lamas, G. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 4A.
Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera.
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439pp.

QUINTEROS, R., L. PAZ-SOLDAN, C. PINTO, L. AGUIRRE, O. RUIZ, & D. TACACHIRI. 2006.
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Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Volume 5A. Gainesville, Association for Tropical
Lepidoptera; Scientific Publishers. EEUU. 439pp.

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4A. Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera.
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