Obtectomera Minet, 1986
The Obtectomera is a clade of macro-moths and
butterflies,
comprising over
100,000 species in at least 12 superfamilies.
First update d. 5 january - 2004
Last update d. 2 september - 2024
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| Sommerfugle, Lepidoptera |
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| Suborder Ditrysia |
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| Suborder Obtectomera Minet, 1986 The Obtectomera is a clade of macro-moths and butterflies, comprising over 100,000 species in at least 12 superfamilies. |
| From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Obtectomera |
| 1). Superfamily
Whalleyanoidea Minet, 1991 (1 family) Family Whalleyanidae Minet, 1991 (1 genus, 2 species Madagascar enemic) |
| 2). Superfamily
Thyridoidea Herrich-Schäffer, 1846
(1 family) Family Thyrididae Herrich-Schäffer, 1846 (93 genera, 940 species) Pictue-winged Leaf moths |
| 3). Superfamily
Hyblaeoidea Hampson, 1903 (1 family) Family Hyblaeidae Hampson, 1903 (2 genera, 18 species) Teak moths |
| 4). Superfamily
Calliduloidea Moore, 1877 (1 family) Family Callidulidae Moore, 1877 (7 genera, 49 species) Old World Butterfly-moths Superfamily Calliduloidea / Pterothysanoidea? Family Ratardidae Oriental Parnassian moths Family Pterothysanidae Parnassian moths |
| Dagsommerfugle, Papilionoidea (Latreille, 1802) Evolution: i ca. For 119 millioner år siden i slutningen af kridtperioden, da en fælles forfader til dagsommerfugle, Papilionoidea og Snout moths/Snudemøl, opstod Pyraloidea i Underordenen, Obtectomera, som senere delte sig i flere grene på det evolutionære stamtræ; hvor der nu er otte superfamilier i denne underorden. |
| 5). Superfamily Papilionoidea, Latreille, 1802 Dagsommerfugle (7 genera, 17680 species) |
| Family Papilionidae Latreille, 1802 Swallowtail / Svalehaler (32 genera, 568 species) |
| Family Hedylidae Guenée, 1858 Butterfly-moths / Gråvinger (1 genera, 36 species) |
| Family Hesperiidae Latreille, 1809 Skippers / Bredpander (579 genera, 4113 species) |
| Family Pieridae Swainson, 1820 Whites / Hvidvinger (91 genera, 1164 species) |
| Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815 Blue / Blåfugle (416 genera, 5201 species) |
| Family Riodinidae Grote, 1895 Metalmarks / Metalvinger (146 genera, 1532 species) |
| Family Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815 Brushfoots / Takvinger (559 genera, 6152 species) |
| 6). Superfamily Pyraloidea Latreille, 1809 Halvmøl & Græsmøl (2 genera, 17780 species) |
| Family Pyralidae Latreille, 1809 Snout moths / Halvmøl (1055 genera, 6150 species) |
| Family Crambidae Latreille, 1810 Grass Snout moths / Græsmøl (1020 genera, 11630 species) |
| 7). Superfamily Mimallonoidea Burmeister, 1878 (1 family) |
| Family Mimallonidae Burmeister, 1878 (27 genera, 194 species) Sackbearer moths |
| (sometimes
included Macroheterocera) Suborder Macroheterocera Chapman, 1893 |
| -8). Superfamily Drepanoidea Boisduval, 1828 – drepanids.
Seglvinger (122 genera, 660 species) Hook-tip
moths -9). Superfamily Noctuoidea Latreille, 1809 – owlet moths Pragtugler / Ugler (, 70.000 species) 10). Superfamily Geometroidea Leach, 1815 – inchworms Målere (2,002 genera, 23,002 species) 11). Superfamily Lasiocampoidea Harris, 1841 – lappet moths / Bredv. Spindere (224 genera, 1,952 species) 12). Superfamily Bombycoidea Latreille, 1802 – silkworm moths /Silkeorm (26 genera, 185 species) |
| The macroheteroceran superfamilies were previously place in the Macrolepidoptera, but recent molecular studies have failed to recover the Macrolepidoptera as a monophyletic group. The latter grouping also included true butterflies (Papilionoidea), New World butterfly-moths (Hedylidae), Old World butterfly-moths (Calliduloidea), and European gold moths (Axioidea). |
| Some other superfamilies are sometimes included: |
| Pterophoridae Latreille, 1802 – plume
moths Alucitoidea Leach, 1815 – many-plume moths Copromorphoidea = Carposinoidea Walsingham, 1897 – fruitworm moths Epermenioidea Spuler, 1910 – fringe-tufted moths Gelechioidea Stainton, 1854 – case-bearers, twirler moths, curved-horn moths, etc. |
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Superfamily Thyridoidea
Family Thyrididae
Dysodia oculatana species. Family: Thyrididae. Caranavi, Yungas, Bolivia d. 19 february 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Superfamily Hyblaeoidea
Family Hyblaeidae
Hyblaea species. Family: Hyblaeidae. Coroico, Yungas, Bolivia d. 19 january 2006. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Superfamily Papilionoidea
Family Papilionidae
Common Birdwing, Troides helena male. Subfamily Papilioninae. Koh Samui, Thailand d. 14 january 2011. Photographer; Erni Boesen
Family Hedylidae
Macrosoma lucivittata. Family Hedylidae. Caranavi, Yungas, Bolivia d. 19 february 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Family Hesperiidae
Alpine Grizzled Skipper, Pyrgus andromedae. Subfamily Pyrginae. Bihppas, Sapmi/Lappland, Sweden d. 3 july 2008. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Family Pieridae
Small White, Pieris rapae female. Subfamily Pierinae. Kongens Nytorv, København, Denmark d. 5 september 2013. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Family Lycaenidae
Arctic Blue, Agriades aquilo. Subfamily Polyommatinae. Kratersjön, Lapland d. 27 juni 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Family Riodinidae
Black Lace, Chorinea octauius. Subfamily Riodinini. Caranavi, Yungas, Bolivia d. 8 February 2009. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Family Nymphalidae
Red Admiral, Vanessa atalanta. Subfamily Nymphalinae. Pinseskoven, Amager, Denmark d. 30 March 2014. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Superfamily Pyraloidea
Family Pyralidae
Meal Moth, Pyralis farinalis female. Subfamily Pyralinae. Tranum Klitplantage, Denmark d. 21 august 2012. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Family Crambidae
Polygrammodes elevata. Subfamily Spilomelinae. Hotel Esmeralda, Coroico, Yungas, Bolivia d. 25 january 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen
Superfamily Mimallonoidea
Family Mimallonidae
| Caranavi, Elevation: 800m. Yungas, Bolivia d. 18 & 19 february 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen | Hotel Esmeralda, Elevation: 1800 m. Coroico, Yungas, Bolivia d. 26 january 2007. Photographer; Lars Andersen |
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The Nymphalidae Systematics Group
by Niklas Wahlberg
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